Grade A 36, SS400, Q235 Steel Comparison

Grade A 36, SS400, Q235 standard

Grade A 36 is the material of American standard ASME standard (equivalent to ASTM specification), SS400 is the material of Japanese standard JIS G3101 (rolled steel for general structure), and Q235 is the material of national standard GB700 standard.

ASTM 36 is an American standard carbon structural plate, which implements the standard ASTM A36/A36M-03a. This standard applies to riveting, bolting and welding structures used in bridges and buildings, as well as general-purpose structural steel quality carbon steel sections and steel plates. And bar steel.

Grade Q235 general carbon structural steel is also called A3 plate. Q represents the yield limit of this material. The following 235 refers to the yield value of this material, which is around 235MPa. And the yield value will decrease with the increase of the thickness of the material. Due to the moderate carbon content, the overall performance is better, the strength, plasticity and welding properties are better matched, and the most versatile.

Chemical Composition Analysis of Grade A 36, SS400, Q235 Steel

A36: C≤0.25%, Si≤0.4%, P≤0.04%, S≤0.05%;
Q235B: C=0.12- 0.2%, Si≤0.3, P≤0.045%, S≤0.045%
The content of Mn element in A36 is not used due to the difference in plate thickness (or diameter of round steel). Those below 20mm do not contain Mn. Q235 has requirements for the contents of C, Si, Mn, S, P and other elements, but SS400 only requires S and P to be less than 0.050, and no other requirements. The mechanical properties of the materials are different. The tensile strength of A36 is 58~80 Ksi  (about 400~550MPa), the yield strength is 36 Ksi  (about 250MPa); the tensile strength of Q235 is  370~500 MPa, the yield strength is 235MPa; the resistance of SS400 Tensile strength is  400~510 MPa, yield strength is 245MPa

(The mechanical properties of SS400 and Q235 are based on the case where the thickness of the steel plate is less than 16mm.)  As can be seen from the above data, the materials of ASME standard A36 and Chinese standard Q235 are named after the yield strength of the material, while SS400 is based on the tensile strength of the material Named after strength. From the analysis of the mechanical properties of the material, A36 is equivalent to SS400, while Q235 material is worse.

A36 is similar to Q235B, but the mechanical properties of A36 and Q235B are as follows:
The yield point is different (A36=250MPa, Q235B=235MPa);
Different tensile strength (A36=400-550MPa, Q235B=375-500MPa);

A 36, SS400 and Q235 Steel

Although the mechanical properties of the Q235 material are worse than those of the A36 and SS400 materials, in actual operation, as long as the owner does not clearly require it, the three materials can often be substituted for each other.
Done is better than perfect.

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